The use of the Glasgow Coma Scale became widespread in the 1980s when the first edition of the Advanced Trauma and Life Support recommended its use in all trauma patients. For example, a score of 10 might be expressed as GCS10 = E3V4M3. The score expression is the sum of the scores as well as the individual elements. The findings in each component of the scale can aggregate into a total Glasgow Coma Score which gives a less detailed description but can provide a useful ‘shorthand’ summary of the overall severity. Reporting each of these separately provides a clear, communicable picture of a patient’s state. The scale assesses patients according to three aspects of responsiveness: eye-opening, motor, and verbal responses. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to objectively describe the extent of impaired consciousness in all types of acute medical and trauma patients. The Glasgow Coma Scale was first published in 1974 at the University of Glasgow by neurosurgery professors Graham Teasdale and Bryan Jennett.
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